Are Creditor Judgements Against Debtors Dischargeable in Bankruptcy
A San Francisco Bankruptcy Attorney explains creditor judgements as it pertains to bankruptcy filings...
As a San Francisco Bankruptcy Attorney, I know the reality is that creditors have been getting judgments against debtors who have not paid their debts off. For these debtors, one of the major questions is if that judgment is discharged in bankruptcy. A judgment lien is not automatically dischargeable. The creditor must obtain a judgment from the court. Then, to create a lien, it must be perfected under applicable non-bankruptcy law (usually the State or county in which the asset is located). For real estate, this usually involves obtaining a certified abstract of the judgment from the court that issued it, and recording it with the county recorder’s office wherever the property is located that the creditor wants the lien to attach.
If certain requirements are met, then the judgment lien can be discharged. The bankruptcy code section that states this is 11 U.S.C. 522(f), which allows a lien to be removed to the extent that it impairs an exemption to which the debtor would have been entitled in the absence of the lien. This is basically a mathematical calculation, and depends of course on the value of the asset, the amount of any senior liens, and the amount of the available exemptions (usually governed by the laws of the State where the bankruptcy case is filed, but not always.
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